##  [HyperGrammar 2](/en/hypergrammar-2/index-eng)

From: [Translation Bureau](https://www.canada.ca/en/translation-bureau.html)

Use this tool, whether you are a native English speaker or not, to find explanations and review exercises on grammar, punctuation, spelling and usage.

## On this page

- [Search by keyword in HyperGrammar 2](#mots-cles)
- [Search in the HyperGrammar 2 index](#index)
- [Scan the structure of HyperGrammar 2](#structure)
- [About HyperGrammar 2](#a-propos)
- [Questions and comments](#questions-comments)
- [Related links](#related-links)

## Search by keyword in HyperGrammar 2

Enter one or more keywords in the search box below to get a list of articles in HyperGrammar 2 that contain these words. Your search results will be displayed in [Language Navigator](/en/navigateur-navigator).

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## Search in the HyperGrammar 2 index

To learn more about a particular point of grammar, click on the first letter of the word you are looking for, and then click on that word in the list.

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Lettre A- [abstract noun](/en/hypergrammar-2/what-is-a-noun#absnoun)
- [adjective](/en/hypergrammar-2/what-is-an-adjective)
- [adjective clause](/en/hypergrammar-2/using-clauses-as-nouns-adjectives-and-adverbs#adjcls)
- [adjective phrase](/en/hypergrammar-2/the-function-of-phrases#phradj)
- [adverb](/en/hypergrammar-2/what-is-an-adverb)
- [adverb clause](/en/hypergrammar-2/using-clauses-as-nouns-adjectives-and-adverbs#advcls)
- [adverb phrase](/en/hypergrammar-2/the-function-of-phrases#phradv)
- [affix](/en/hypergrammar-2/word-formation#affix)
- [antecedent](/en/hypergrammar-2/pronoun-reference)
- [apostrophe](/en/hypergrammar-2/the-apostrophe)
- [apposition](/en/hypergrammar-2/apposition#apposition)
- [appositive](/en/hypergrammar-2/apposition)
- [aspect](/en/hypergrammar-2/using-verb-tenses#aspect)
- [auxiliary verb](/en/hypergrammar-2/auxiliary-verbs)

Lettre B- [basic form](/en/hypergrammar-2/forming-and-using-verb-tenses#basicform)

Lettre C- [case](/en/hypergrammar-2/noun-and-pronoun-characteristics#nandpcase)
- [catchphrase](/en/hypergrammar-2/catchphrases)
- [claim](/en/hypergrammar-2/writing-topic-sentences#claim)
- [clause](/en/hypergrammar-2/building-clauses)
- [cliché](/en/hypergrammar-2/catchphrases#cliche)
- [co-ordinating conjunction](/en/hypergrammar-2/what-is-a-conjunction#cordconj)
- [collective noun](/en/hypergrammar-2/what-is-a-noun#collnoun)
- [colon](/en/hypergrammar-2/the-colon)
- [comma](/en/hypergrammar-2/the-comma)
- [common noun](/en/hypergrammar-2/what-is-a-noun#commnoun)
- [comparative](/en/hypergrammar-2/using-the-comparative-and-superlative)
- [complete aspect](/en/hypergrammar-2/using-verb-tenses#completeaspect)
- [complete tenses](/en/hypergrammar-2/using-verb-tenses#completetenses)
- [complex sentence](/en/hypergrammar-2/the-structure-of-a-sentence#sntcpl)
- [compound predicate](/en/hypergrammar-2/subject-and-predicate#compoundpredicate)
- [compound sentence](/en/hypergrammar-2/the-structure-of-a-sentence#sntcmp)
- [compound subject](/en/hypergrammar-2/subject-and-predicate#compoundsubject)
- [compound verb](/en/hypergrammar-2/compound-verbs)
- [compound-complex sentence](/en/hypergrammar-2/the-structure-of-a-sentence#sntcmpsp)
- [concrete noun](/en/hypergrammar-2/what-is-a-noun#concnoun)
- [conjunction](/hypergrammar-2/what-is-a-conjunction.html)
- [conjunctive adverb](/en/hypergrammar-2/what-is-an-adverb#conjadv)
- [connotation](/en/hypergrammar-2/connotation-and-denotation#connotation)
- [contraction](/en/hypergrammar-2/the-apostrophe#contraction)
- [correlative conjunction](/en/hypergrammar-2/what-is-a-conjunction#corrconj)
- [count noun](/en/hypergrammar-2/what-is-a-noun#cntnoun)
- [countable noun](/en/hypergrammar-2/what-is-a-noun#countablenoun)

Lettre D- [dangling modifier](/en/hypergrammar-2/misplaced-and-dangling-modifiers)
- [dash](/en/hypergrammar-2/the-dash)
- [declarative sentence](/en/hypergrammar-2/the-purpose-of-a-sentence#sntdecl)
- [demonstrative adjective](/en/hypergrammar-2/what-is-an-adjective#demoadj)
- [demonstrative pronoun](/en/hypergrammar-2/what-is-a-pronoun#demonstrativepronoun)
- [denotation](/en/hypergrammar-2/connotation-and-denotation#denotation)
- [dependent adverb clause](/en/hypergrammar-2/using-clauses-as-nouns-adjectives-and-adverbs#dependentadverbclause)
- [dependent clause](/en/hypergrammar-2/using-clauses-as-nouns-adjectives-and-adverbs)
- [diction](/en/hypergrammar-2/diction)
- [direct object](/en/hypergrammar-2/objects-and-complements#directobject)
- [direct question](/en/hypergrammar-2/end-punctuation#directquestion)
- [double comparison](/en/hypergrammar-2/using-the-comparative-and-superlative#doublecomparison)
- [double negative](/en/hypergrammar-2/using-the-comparative-and-superlative#doublenegative)

Lettre E- [elliptical clause](/en/hypergrammar-2/misplaced-and-dangling-modifiers#ellipticalclause)
- [End Punctuation](/en/hypergrammar-2/end-punctuation)
- [exclamation](/en/hypergrammar-2/the-purpose-of-a-sentence#exclamation)
- [exclamation mark](/en/hypergrammar-2/end-punctuation#exclamationmark)
- [exclamatory sentence](/en/hypergrammar-2/the-purpose-of-a-sentence#sntexcl)

Lettre F- [feminine](/en/hypergrammar-2/noun-and-pronoun-characteristics#feminine)
- [first person](/en/hypergrammar-2/noun-and-pronoun-characteristics#firstperson)
- [focus sentence](/en/hypergrammar-2/writing-topic-sentences#focussentence)
- [future perfect](/en/hypergrammar-2/using-verb-tenses#futrperf)
- [future perfect progressive](/en/hypergrammar-2/using-verb-tenses#futrpfpg)
- [future progressive](/en/hypergrammar-2/using-verb-tenses#futrprog)
- [future tenses](/en/hypergrammar-2/using-verb-tenses#futuretenses)

Lettre G- [gender-specific nouns](/en/hypergrammar-2/what-is-a-noun#gender-specificnouns)
- [gender](/en/hypergrammar-2/noun-and-pronoun-characteristics#gender)
- [gerund](/en/hypergrammar-2/verbals#thegerund)
- [gerund phrase](/en/hypergrammar-2/verbals)
- [grammatical gender](/en/hypergrammar-2/noun-and-pronoun-characteristics#grammaticalgender)

Lettre H- [helping verb](/en/hypergrammar-2/compound-verbs#helpingverb)
- [homonym](/en/hypergrammar-2/spelling#homonyms)

Lettre I- [imperative mood](/en/hypergrammar-2/using-verb-moods#moodimp)
- [imperative sentence](/en/hypergrammar-2/the-purpose-of-a-sentence#sntimpr)
- [incomplete tenses](/en/hypergrammar-2/using-verb-tenses#incompletetenses)
- [indefinite adjective](/en/hypergrammar-2/what-is-an-adjective#indadj)
- [indefinite aspect](/en/hypergrammar-2/using-verb-tenses#indefiniteaspect)
- [indefinite pronoun](/en/hypergrammar-2/what-is-a-pronoun#indpron)
- [indefinite tenses](/en/hypergrammar-2/using-verb-tenses#indefinitetenses)
- [independent clause](/en/hypergrammar-2/using-clauses-as-nouns-adjectives-and-adverbs#independentclause)
- [indicative mood](/en/hypergrammar-2/using-verb-moods#moodind)
- [indirect object](/en/hypergrammar-2/objects-and-complements#indirectobject)
- [indirect question](/en/hypergrammar-2/the-purpose-of-a-sentence#indirectquestion)
- [infinitive](/en/hypergrammar-2/forming-and-using-verb-tenses#infinitive)
- [infinitive phrase](/en/hypergrammar-2/the-function-of-phrases#infinitivephrase)
- [intensive pronoun](/en/hypergrammar-2/what-is-a-pronoun#intspron)
- [interjection](/en/hypergrammar-2/what-is-an-interjection)
- [interrogative adjective](/en/hypergrammar-2/what-is-an-adjective#intradj)
- [interrogative pronoun](/en/hypergrammar-2/what-is-a-pronoun#intrpron)
- [interrogative sentence](/en/hypergrammar-2/the-purpose-of-a-sentence#sntinter)
- [intransitive verb](/en/hypergrammar-2/transitive-and-intransitive-verbs#intransitiveverb)
- [intransitive verbs](/en/hypergrammar-2/objects-and-complements#intransitiveverbs)
- [irregular verbs](/en/hypergrammar-2/forming-and-using-verb-tenses#irrverbs)

Lettre L- [limiting modifiers](/en/hypergrammar-2/misplaced-and-dangling-modifiers#limitingmodifiers)
- [linking verb](/en/hypergrammar-2/linking-verbs)
- [loose sentence](/en/hypergrammar-2/the-order-of-a-sentence#sntloose)

Lettre M- [masculine](/en/hypergrammar-2/noun-and-pronoun-characteristics#masculine)
- [mass noun](/en/hypergrammar-2/what-is-a-noun#ncntnoun)
- [misplaced modifiers](/en/hypergrammar-2/misplaced-and-dangling-modifiers#misplacedmodifiers)
- [modal auxiliary](/en/hypergrammar-2/auxiliary-verbs#modalauxiliary)
- [modifier](/en/hypergrammar-2/modifiers)
- [moods](/en/hypergrammar-2/using-verb-moods)

Lettre N- [natural gender](/en/hypergrammar-2/noun-and-pronoun-characteristics#naturalgender)
- [neuter](/en/hypergrammar-2/noun-and-pronoun-characteristics#neuter)
- [non-countable noun](/en/hypergrammar-2/noun-and-pronoun-characteristics)
- [non-restrictive element](/en/hypergrammar-2/the-comma#non-restrictiveelements)
- [non-restrictive modifier](/en/hypergrammar-2/the-comma#non-restrictivemodifier)
- [noun](/en/hypergrammar-2/what-is-a-noun)
- [noun clause](/en/hypergrammar-2/using-clauses-as-nouns-adjectives-and-adverbs#nouncls)
- [noun phrase](/en/hypergrammar-2/the-function-of-phrases#phrsubj)
- [number](/en/hypergrammar-2/noun-and-pronoun-characteristics#number)

Lettre O- [object](/en/hypergrammar-2/objects-and-complements#objects)
- [object case](/en/hypergrammar-2/objects-and-complements#objects)
- [object complement](/en/hypergrammar-2/objects-and-complements#objcom)
- [objective personal pronoun](/en/hypergrammar-2/what-is-a-pronoun#objppron)
- [outline](/en/hypergrammar-2/start-with-an-outline#outline)

Lettre P- [paragraph development by combination](/en/hypergrammar-2/developing-unified-and-coherent-paragraphs#parcomb)
- [paragraph development by comparison and contrast](/en/hypergrammar-2/developing-unified-and-coherent-paragraphs#parcomp)
- [paragraph development by detail](/en/hypergrammar-2/developing-unified-and-coherent-paragraphs#pardeta)
- [paragraph development by process](/en/hypergrammar-2/developing-unified-and-coherent-paragraphs#parproc)
- [paragraph](/en/hypergrammar-2/writing-paragraphs)
- [parentheses](/en/hypergrammar-2/the-comma#parentheses)
- [parenthetical information](/en/hypergrammar-2/the-comma#parentheticalinformation)
- [part of speech](/en/hypergrammar-2/the-parts-of-speech#partofspeech)
- [participle](/en/hypergrammar-2/verbals#particip)
- [participle phrase](/en/hypergrammar-2/the-function-of-phrases#participlephrase)
- [parts of speech](/en/hypergrammar-2/the-parts-of-speech)
- [parts of the sentence](/en/hypergrammar-2/the-parts-of-the-sentence)
- [past form](/en/hypergrammar-2/forming-and-using-verb-tenses#pastform)
- [past participle](/en/hypergrammar-2/verbals#pastparticiple)
- [past perfect](/en/hypergrammar-2/using-verb-tenses#pastperf)
- [past perfect progressive](/en/hypergrammar-2/using-verb-tenses#pastpfpg)
- [past progressive](/en/hypergrammar-2/using-verb-tenses#pastprog)
- [past tenses](/en/hypergrammar-2/using-verb-tenses#pasttenses)
- [perfect tenses](/en/hypergrammar-2/using-verb-tenses#perfecttenses)
- [period](/en/hypergrammar-2/end-punctuation#period)
- [periodic sentence](/en/hypergrammar-2/the-order-of-a-sentence#sntperod)
- [personal pronoun](/en/hypergrammar-2/what-is-a-pronoun#perspron)
- [person](/en/hypergrammar-2/noun-and-pronoun-characteristics#persons)
- [phrase](/en/hypergrammar-2/building-phrases)
- [plural](/en/hypergrammar-2/noun-and-pronoun-characteristics#plural)
- [positions of emphasis](/en/hypergrammar-2/the-order-of-a-sentence#positionsofemphasis)
- [possessive adjective](/en/hypergrammar-2/what-is-an-adjective#possadj)
- [possessive case](/en/hypergrammar-2/noun-and-pronoun-characteristics#poscase)
- [possessive noun](/en/hypergrammar-2/what-is-a-noun#posnouns)
- [possessive personal pronoun](/en/hypergrammar-2/what-is-a-pronoun#posspron)
- [possessive pronoun](/en/hypergrammar-2/what-is-a-pronoun#possessivepronoun)
- [predicate](/en/hypergrammar-2/subject-and-predicate#predicate)
- [prefix](/en/hypergrammar-2/word-formation#prefix)
- [preposition](/en/hypergrammar-2/what-is-a-preposition)
- [prepositional phrase](/en/hypergrammar-2/the-function-of-phrases#prepositionalphrase)
- [present participle](/en/hypergrammar-2/verbals#presentparticiple)
- [present perfect](/en/hypergrammar-2/using-verb-tenses#presperf)
- [present perfect progressive](/en/hypergrammar-2/using-verb-tenses#prespfpg)
- [present progressive](/en/hypergrammar-2/using-verb-tenses#presprog)
- [present tenses](/en/hypergrammar-2/using-verb-tenses#presenttenses)
- [principal form](/en/hypergrammar-2/forming-and-using-verb-tenses#principalforms)
- [progressive aspect](/en/hypergrammar-2/using-verb-tenses#continuingaspect)
- [progressive tenses](/en/hypergrammar-2/using-verb-tenses#progressivetenses)
- [pronoun](/en/hypergrammar-2/what-is-a-pronoun)
- [proper noun](/en/hypergrammar-2/what-is-a-noun#propnoun)
- [punctuation](/en/hypergrammar-2/punctuation)

Lettre Q- [question mark](/en/hypergrammar-2/end-punctuation#questionmark)
- [quotation marks](/en/hypergrammar-2/quotation-marks)

Lettre R- [reflexive pronoun](/en/hypergrammar-2/what-is-a-pronoun#reflpron)
- [regular verb](/en/hypergrammar-2/forming-and-using-verb-tenses#regularverb)
- [relative pronoun](/en/hypergrammar-2/what-is-a-pronoun#reflpron)
- [restrictive element](/en/hypergrammar-2/the-comma#restrictiveelements)
- [restrictive modifier](/en/hypergrammar-2/the-comma#restrictivemodifier)
- [rhetorical question](/en/hypergrammar-2/the-purpose-of-a-sentence#sntrhet)
- [root](/en/hypergrammar-2/word-formation#root)

Lettre S- [second person](/en/hypergrammar-2/noun-and-pronoun-characteristics#secondperson)
- [semantics](/en/hypergrammar-2/connotation-and-denotation#semantics)
- [semicolon](/en/hypergrammar-2/the-semicolon)
- [sentence](/en/hypergrammar-2/subject-and-predicate#sentence)
- [sequence of tenses](/en/hypergrammar-2/using-verb-tenses-in-sequence#sequenceoftenses)
- [simple future](/en/hypergrammar-2/using-verb-tenses#simpfutr)
- [simple past](/en/hypergrammar-2/using-verb-tenses#simppast)
- [simple predicate](/en/hypergrammar-2/subject-and-predicate#simplepredicate)
- [simple present](/en/hypergrammar-2/using-verb-tenses#simppres)
- [simple sentence](/en/hypergrammar-2/the-structure-of-a-sentence#sntsmp)
- [simple subject](/en/hypergrammar-2/subject-and-predicate#simpsupr)
- [simple tenses](/en/hypergrammar-2/using-verb-tenses#simpletenses)
- [singular](/en/hypergrammar-2/noun-and-pronoun-characteristics#singular)
- [split infinitive](/en/hypergrammar-2/misplaced-and-dangling-modifiers#splitinf)
- [squinting modifier](/en/hypergrammar-2/misplaced-and-dangling-modifiers#squint)
- [subject](/en/hypergrammar-2/subject-and-predicate#subject)
- [subject case](/en/hypergrammar-2/noun-and-pronoun-characteristics#subjectcase)
- [subject complement](/en/hypergrammar-2/objects-and-complements)
- [subjective personal pronoun](/en/hypergrammar-2/what-is-a-pronoun#subjperpron)
- [subjunctive](/en/hypergrammar-2/using-verb-moods#subjunctive)
- [subjunctive mood](/en/hypergrammar-2/using-verb-moods#moodsubj)
- [subordinate clause](/en/hypergrammar-2/using-clauses-as-nouns-adjectives-and-adverbs)
- [subordinating conjunction](/en/hypergrammar-2/what-is-a-conjunction#sbrdconj)
- [suffix](/en/hypergrammar-2/word-formation#suffix)
- [superlative](/en/hypergrammar-2/using-the-comparative-and-superlative#superlative)

Lettre T- [tenses](/en/hypergrammar-2/forming-and-using-verb-tenses)
- [thesis](/en/hypergrammar-2/writing-paragraphs#thesis)
- [thesis statement](/en/hypergrammar-2/the-thesis-statement)
- [third person](/en/hypergrammar-2/noun-and-pronoun-characteristics#thirdperson)
- [topic sentence](/en/hypergrammar-2/writing-topic-sentences)
- [transitive verb](/en/hypergrammar-2/transitive-and-intransitive-verbs#transitiveverb)
- [transitive verbs](/en/hypergrammar-2/objects-and-complements#tranintrvb)

Lettre V- [verb](/en/hypergrammar-2/what-is-a-verb)
- [verb phrase](/en/hypergrammar-2/the-function-of-phrases#phrpred)
- [verb root](/en/hypergrammar-2/forming-and-using-verb-tenses#verbroot)
- [verb sequence](/en/hypergrammar-2/using-verb-tenses-in-sequence)
- [verbal](/en/hypergrammar-2/verbals)
- [vowel](/en/hypergrammar-2/final-y-before-a-suffix#vowel)

Lettre W- [weak verb](/en/hypergrammar-2/forming-and-using-verb-tenses#weakverb)

## Scan the structure of HyperGrammar 2

Click on a module to see the articles in that module.

Show allHide all

The parts of speech- [The parts of speech: Introduction](/en/hypergrammar-2/the-parts-of-speech.html)
- [Verb](/en/hypergrammar-2/what-is-a-verb.html)
- [Noun](/en/hypergrammar-2/what-is-a-noun.html)
- [Pronoun](/en/hypergrammar-2/what-is-a-pronoun.html)
- [Adjective](/en/hypergrammar-2/what-is-an-adjective.html)
- [Adverb](/en/hypergrammar-2/what-is-an-adverb.html)
- [Preposition](/en/hypergrammar-2/what-is-a-preposition.html)
- [Conjunction](/en/hypergrammar-2/what-is-a-conjunction.html)
- [Interjection](/en/hypergrammar-2/what-is-an-interjection.html)
- [Review exercise: Parts of speech](/en/hypergrammar-2/review-parts-of-speech)

The parts of the sentence- [The parts of the sentence: Introduction](/en/hypergrammar-2/the-parts-of-the-sentence.html)
- [Subject and predicate](/en/hypergrammar-2/subject-and-predicate.html)
- [Objects and complements](/en/hypergrammar-2/objects-and-complements.html)
- [Review exercise: The subject](/en/hypergrammar-2/review-the-subject)
- [Review exercise: The predicate](/en/hypergrammar-2/review-the-predicate)
- [Review exercise: Parts of the sentence](/en/hypergrammar-2/review-parts-of-the-sentence)

Punctuation- [Punctuation: Introduction](/en/hypergrammar-2/punctuation.html)
- [The comma](/en/hypergrammar-2/the-comma.html)
- [The semicolon](/en/hypergrammar-2/the-semicolon.html)
- [The colon](/en/hypergrammar-2/the-colon.html)
- [End punctuation](/en/hypergrammar-2/end-punctuation.html)
- [Quotation marks](/en/hypergrammar-2/quotation-marks.html)
- [The apostrophe](/en/hypergrammar-2/the-apostrophe.html)
- [The dash](/en/hypergrammar-2/the-dash.html)
- [Review exercise: The comma](/en/hypergrammar-2/review-the-comma)
- [Review exercise: Identifying punctuation errors](/en/hypergrammar-2/review-identifying-punctuation-errors)
- [Review exercise: Adding punctuation](/en/hypergrammar-2/review-adding-punctuation)

Using pronouns- [Using pronouns: Introduction](/en/hypergrammar-2/using-pronouns.html)
- [Pronoun reference](/en/hypergrammar-2/pronoun-reference.html)
- [Tricky points of pronoun usage](/en/hypergrammar-2/tricky-points-of-pronoun-usage.html)
- [Review exercise: Pronoun reference](/en/hypergrammar-2/review-pronoun-reference)

Using verbs- [Using verbs: Introduction](/en/hypergrammar-2/using-verbs.html)
- [Compound verbs](/en/hypergrammar-2/compound-verbs.html)
- [Auxiliary verbs](/en/hypergrammar-2/auxiliary-verbs.html)
- [Transitive and intransitive verbs](/en/hypergrammar-2/transitive-and-intransitive-verbs.html)
- [Linking verbs](/en/hypergrammar-2/linking-verbs.html)
- [Verbals](/en/hypergrammar-2/verbals.html)
- [Forming and using verb tenses](/en/hypergrammar-2/forming-and-using-verb-tenses.html)
- [Frequently confused verbs](/en/hypergrammar-2/frequently-confused-verbs.html)
- [Using verb tenses](/en/hypergrammar-2/using-verb-tenses.html)
- [Using verb tenses in sequence](/en/hypergrammar-2/using-verb-tenses-in-sequence.html)
- [Using verb moods](/en/hypergrammar-2/using-verb-moods.html)
- [Review exercise: Transitive and intransitive verbs](/en/hypergrammar-2/review-transitive-and-intransitive-verbs)
- [Review exercise: Linking verbs](/en/hypergrammar-2/review-linking-verbs)
- [Review exercise: Verb tenses](/en/hypergrammar-2/review-verb-tenses)
- [Review exercise: Frequently confused verbs](/en/hypergrammar-2/review-frequently-confused-verbs)
- [Review exercise: Verb moods](/en/hypergrammar-2/review-verb-mood)

Modifiers- [Modifiers: Introduction](/en/hypergrammar-2/modifiers.html)
- [Using adverbs and adjectives](/en/hypergrammar-2/using-adverbs-and-adjectives.html)
- [Using the comparative and superlative](/en/hypergrammar-2/using-the-comparative-and-superlative.html)
- [Misplaced and dangling modifiers](/en/hypergrammar-2/misplaced-and-dangling-modifiers.html)
- [Review exercise: Adverbs and adjectives](/en/hypergrammar-2/review-adverbs-and-adjectives)
- [Review exercise: Identifying misplaced or dangling modifiers](/en/hypergrammar-2/review-identifying-misplaced-or-dangling-modifiers)
- [Review exercise: Fixing misplaced modifiers](/en/hypergrammar-2/review-fixing-misplaced-modifiers)

Building phrases- [Building phrases: Introduction](/en/hypergrammar-2/building-phrases.html)
- [The function of phrases](/en/hypergrammar-2/the-function-of-phrases.html)
- [Review exercise: Function of phrases](/en/hypergrammar-2/review-phrase-functions)

Building clauses- [Building clauses: Introduction](/en/hypergrammar-2/building-clauses.html)
- [Recognizing clauses](/en/hypergrammar-2/recognizing-clauses.html)
- [Using clauses as nouns, adjectives and adverbs](/en/hypergrammar-2/using-clauses-as-nouns-adjectives-and-adverbs.html)
- [Review exercise: Identifying clauses](/en/hypergrammar-2/review-identifying-clauses)
- [Review exercise: Noun, adjective and adverb clauses](/en/hypergrammar-2/review-noun-adjective-and-adverb-clauses)

Building sentences- [Building sentences: Introduction](/en/hypergrammar-2/building-sentences.html)
- [Why sentence structure matters](/en/hypergrammar-2/why-sentence-structure-matters.html)
- [The structure of a sentence](/en/hypergrammar-2/the-structure-of-a-sentence.html)
- [The order of a sentence](/en/hypergrammar-2/the-order-of-a-sentence.html)
- [The purpose of a sentence](/en/hypergrammar-2/the-purpose-of-a-sentence.html)
- [Review exercise: Sentence structure](/en/hypergrammar-2/review-sentence-structure)
- [Review exercise: Sentence usage](/en/hypergrammar-2/review-sentence-usage)

Writing paragraphs- [Writing paragraphs: Introduction](/en/hypergrammar-2/writing-paragraphs.html)
- [Start with an outline](/en/hypergrammar-2/start-with-an-outline.html)
- [Writing topic sentences](/en/hypergrammar-2/writing-topic-sentences.html)
- [Dividing your argument](/en/hypergrammar-2/dividing-your-argument.html)
- [Developing unified and coherent paragraphs](/en/hypergrammar-2/developing-unified-and-coherent-paragraphs.html)
- [Review exercise: Topic sentences](/en/hypergrammar-2/review-topic-sentences)
- [Review exercise: Dividing your argument](/en/hypergrammar-2/review-dividing-your-argument)
- [Review exercise: Paragraph development](/en/hypergrammar-2/review-paragraph-development)

Diction- [Diction: Introduction](/en/hypergrammar-2/diction.html)
- [Catchphrases](/en/hypergrammar-2/catchphrases.html)
- [Connotation and denotation](/en/hypergrammar-2/connotation-and-denotation.html)
- [Review exercise: Diction](/en/hypergrammar-2/review-diction)

Spelling- [Spelling: Introduction](/en/hypergrammar-2/spelling.html)
- [Words with “ei” and “ie”](/en/hypergrammar-2/words-with-ei-and-ie.html)
- [Final “y” before a suffix](/en/hypergrammar-2/final-y-before-a-suffix.html)
- [Final silent “e” before a suffix](/en/hypergrammar-2/final-silent-e-before-a-suffix.html)
- [Words with double consonants](/en/hypergrammar-2/words-with-double-consonants.html)
- [Review exercise: Words with “ei” and “ie”](/en/hypergrammar-2/review-ei-and-ie)
- [Review exercise: Final “y” before a suffix](/en/hypergrammar-2/review-final-y-before-a-suffix)
- [Review exercise: Final silent “e” before a suffix](/en/hypergrammar-2/review-final-silent-e-before-a-suffix)
- [Review exercise: Double consonants](/en/hypergrammar-2/review-double-consonants)

Miscellaneous topics- [Miscellaneous topics](/en/hypergrammar-2/miscellaneous-topics.html)
- [The thesis statement](/en/hypergrammar-2/the-thesis-statement.html)
- [Word formation](/en/hypergrammar-2/word-formation.html)
- [Apposition](/en/hypergrammar-2/apposition.html)
- [Noun and pronoun characteristics](/en/hypergrammar-2/noun-and-pronoun-characteristics.html)

## About HyperGrammar 2

HyperGrammar 2 is a self-teaching tool designed to help you improve your knowledge of English grammar, whether or not English is your mother tongue. This tutorial deals with subjects such as spelling, punctuation, usage and capitalization. You can read the various modules one after the other, doing the revision exercises, or you can simply consult the tool to find quick answers to your questions.

For definitions of the main grammatical terms used in HyperGrammar 2, consult the [glossary of grammatical terms](glossaire-glossary-eng).

HyperGrammar 2 has been adapted from HyperGrammar, an online tutorial developed by David Megginson, a professor with the Department of English in the Faculty of Arts at the University of Ottawa.

This tool is available in English only.

##  Copyright notice for HyperGrammar 2

© Department of English, Faculty of Arts, University of Ottawa
A tool made available online by the Translation Bureau, Public Services and Procurement Canada

## Questions and comments

- [Contact the Language Portal of Canada](/en/about-the-language-portal#contact-us)

## Related links

- [Writing tools](/en/outils-tools/index-eng)
- [Language Navigator](/en/navigateur-navigator) (for fast access to language tips)
- [TERMIUM Plus®](http://www.btb.termiumplus.gc.ca/tpv2alpha/alpha-eng.html?lang=eng&index=alt)